Cream whipper



DCC. 4, G M LARSON CREAM WHIPPER Filed Feb. l, 1947 r" /06 27 lf 103 102 .f04 53 rg a 104 lo] 106 1055960 J2 58 el 3 /f/ "66 5 f4 3557 35 52 49 g l 45 z fl lo 5 13 97 3g 15/ 5f 36 50 44 99 4I' 39 Il? .fig Il? 715/26 Il@ rl i 115 Nw/ '16 f1? num 115 Patented Dec. 1, 1951 "U .NITED CREAM WHIPPER Glen M. Larson,.Los-Angeles, Calif., assigner to Kurt H. Roy, Santa Cruz, Calif.

Application February 1, 1947, Serial No. 725,844

(Cl. BB1- 30) 2:Claims.

'1 ,My invention relates in general to devices -for aerating liquids, and since the fundamental concepts involved are particularly applicable to and have been embodied in devices for producing `whipped cream, I prefer Vto consider such an embodiment herein for convenience in disclosing the invention. Since my disclosure will enable those skilled in the art to embody the invention in devices for aerating liquids other than cream, it will be understood that my invention is not-to be restricted to the particular embodiment and field of application'considered herein.

The present'aerating device is similar to and contains improvements on theaerating device which is disclosed in Patent No. 2,342,972,5issued February 29, 1944, to Kurt H. Roy et al., and of `which I -am a co-inventor. 'The basicprinci-ples involved in whipping crearrrby aerating the cream -vvith a gas are'fully discussed in the patent and, consequently, will not be vvconsidered in detail herein. In general, my present inventionutilizes lthe 'principle ldisclosed in the aforesaid patent that av liquid Such as cream may beaerated to `produce a foam-like, gas-liquid mixture -suchas whipped cream by forcing rthe liquid and `gas underpressure'and in intimate mutualcontact lthrougha relatively long processing passage fof lrelatively small :cross-sectional dimensions, and `by discharging vthe intermixed gas and. vliquid from the ,processing `passage vinto a ,processing chamber Lwherein the .mixture is permitted to expand and is subjected vto turbulence .before being released ,iromthe device in final` form.

Inorder ,to maintain theaerating device inev .sanitary condition, it is essential that it be cleaned thoroughly aftereach use, particularly. if

the device isused only occasionally and is used for aerating such liquidsascream which may become rancid readily. A primary object of `my invention, therefore, is to provide an aerating device of the'foregoing general character Whose components are all readily` accessible so that they may be cleaned thoroughly with a minimum of eiort.

An important object ofthe invention is topprovide an aerating device having a processing passage of the character mentioned which lies between a pair of readily separable members so that the Walls of the passage may be exposed by the simple expedient of separating the two members. Thus, the walls of the processing passage are readilyaccessible so that they may be cleaned easily to insure maintaining the aerating device in a sanitary condition.

In the preferred form ofthe invention, it is-an object to provide an aerating device wherein at least a substantial portion of the processing passage is provided by'a groove in a nat plate which is readily removable to expose the Walls of the groove so that they may be cleaned easily. A related object is to provide an aerating device of this character wherein the grooved plate cooperates with a cap toprovide a closure for a container which is adapted to coni-lne the cream, or other liquid, and a gas under pressure.

Another object of my invention is to provide an aerating device which is portable, and which includes a manually operable pump for delivering air under pressure into the container. A related object is to provide such -an aerating .device wherein the pump 'includes an 'improved combination piston and intake valve.

Further objects of my invention include the provision of anaerating device which is of relatively simple construction, and which may be assembled and disassembled readily without exercising any great imechanioal skill so that the device may be cleaned readily by the average The foregoing objects and advantages of my invention, together with various other objects and advantages thereof whichvvill be Yapparent hereinafter, maybe realized" bv means of the lportion of the device;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional view which is taken along the broken line 5 5 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 6 is a 'sectional view which is taken along thebroken line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawing, the embodiment of my invention illustrated therein is a portable,

manually operable aerating device which is particularly adapted for use either in the home or lcommercially to whip cream or other liquids in relatively small quantities. In the event that larger quantities are required for commercial use,

my invention may be embodied in larger aerating devices which may be stationary and which may be operable'by otherthan manual means if desired. For convenience in describing the invention, I shall limit my disclosure to a consideration of the portable, manually operable device illustratecl with the knowledge that my disclosure will readily enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention in other forms.

Referring particularly to Fig. l, the aerating device illustrated includes a portable container I which is adapted to coniine cream, or other liquid, and a gas such as air under pressure, the container having an open end I I and being provided with a closure means, illustrated as a cap assembly I2, for the open end thereof to provide a fluid-tight construction. The cap assembly I2 includes inner and outer closure or passage forming members I3 and I4 which cooperate to provide a discharge or processing passage I5 therebetween, the members being separable so that the passage may be cleaned readily.

The processing passage i5 communicates with the interior of the container Ill and terminates at its discharge end in a nozzle assembly I8 which is adapted to provide a processing chamber I9, the nozzle assembly, which is mounted on the cap assembly I 2, being provided with valve means 2|] for controlling now of fluid from the container through the processing passage. The aerating device includes manually operable means 2I for actuating the valve means 2|] in the construction illustrated.

A manually operable pump 24 is mounted on the cap assembly I2 and is adapted to deliver air under pressure into the container I9, the pump including a cylinder or barrel 25 which is secured to the cap assembly. A piston assembly 26 is slidably disposed in the barrel 25 and is operable manually by a handle 2l which is connected thereto by a rod 28, the piston assembly being adapted to deliver air under pressure through a check valve 29 which prevents ow of uid from the container I9 back into the pump barrel. The piston assembly 25, which is adapted to operate both as a piston and as an intake valve for the pump 24 is disclosed in the application Serial No. 571,909, of Howard B. Lewis, et al., iiled January 8, 1945, new Patent No. 2.539.846, dated Jan. 30, 1951, for Venom Extractor, in which I am a co-inventor, and forms no part of the present invention.

Considering the structure of the aerating device in more detail, the passage forming member I3 is preferably a disc or plate which spans the open end of the container I3, and the passage forming member I4 is preferably a cap which is suitably connected to the container I0 and which is adapted to retain the plate in the proper position on the container. As shown in Fig. l, the cap I4 is preferably formed in two sections 32 and 33 for convenience in manufacture, the lower section. 32 being provided with a depending annular flange 34 which nts over the open end II of the container I!) and provides a recess 35 for the plate I3. The flange 34 on the cap I4 is preferably threaded on the container I Il as indicated at 33 so that it may be installed or removed readily.

As shown in Fig. 1, the container I l] is provided with an inwardly extending annular flange or lip 39 at its open end I I which serves as a seat for an annular sealing element or ring 40, the sealing ring being disposed in an annular recess 4I in the plate I3 and being in engagement with the annular flange 34 on the cap I4 to provide a fluid-tight seal between the container, the plate and the cap. The lower section 32 of the cap I4 is provided with a central tubular portion 44 which extends into a central opening in the plate I3 to center the plate in the recess 35 therefor in the cap. For convenience in removing the plate I3 from the recess 35, it is provided with a pair of tabs 46 which are preferably deformed outwardly as illustrated so that they may be grasped readily with the fingers.

As shown in Fig. 1, the plate I3 and cap i4 are provided with contacting surfaces 48 and 43, respectively, which are plane in the preferred form of our invention, the surface 43 being the upper surface of the plate, as viewed in Fig. 1, and the surface 49 being the base wall of the recess 35 in the cap. As best shown in Fig. 2, the surface 48 of the plate I3 is provided with a groove 5i! therein which forms part of the processing passage I5, the groove preferably being of spiral form to provide a passage of the desired length, although the groove may be of other than spiral form if desired. It will be apparent that whenever it is necessary to clean the groove 59, the plate I3 may be removed readily so that the groove is exposed to facilitate cleaning thereof.

The plate I3 is provided with a bore 5i therethrough which intersects one end of the spiral groove 59 to provide communication between the groove and the interior of the container IE), communication between the groove and the exterior of the container being provided by a bore 52 which intersects the other end of the groove and extends through a boss 53 on the lower section 32 of the cap I4. As best shown in Fig. l, the plate I3 is provided with a projection 55 thereon which is disposed in an opening 51 in the lower section 32 of the cap I4, the positions of the projection and the opening therefor being such that the bore 52 is properly positioned with respect to the groove 50. Thus, when the plate I3 is reassembled with the cap I4 after having been removed for the purpose of cleaning the groove 59, the projection 56 must be inserted in the opening 51, thereby insuring that the bore 52 will be properly positioned relative to the groove 5i).

The boss 53 on the lower section 32 of the cap I4 is provided with a counterbore 58 therein which is concentric with respect to the bore 52 and communicates therewith. A tubular member or stem 59 is threaded into the counterbore 58 and extends through an opening 63 in the upper section 33 of the cap I4, the upper section of the cap substantially enclosing the lower section thereof and being secured thereto by a screw E! The stem 59 is provided with an annular groove 64 therein for an annular sealing element 55 which provides a fluid-tight seal between the stem and the lower section 32 of the cap I4, and is provided with a longitudinal bore 5B therethrough which forms part of the processing passage I 5 and terminates in the processing chamber I9.

The stem 59, which supports the nozzle assembly I8, is provided with a head 58 thereon which is disposed in a bore 69 in a nozzle 1Q, the head being provided with an annular groove 'il therein for a sealing ring 'I2 which provides a iiuidtight seal between the nozzle and the stem. The nozzle 'I0 is provided with a discharge aperture 74 which may be serrated as indicated at l5, if desired, as is common practice in nozzles for use in decorating pastries. A cup-shaped member or ferrule I6 is threadedly connected to the nozzle 'IIJ as indicated at 'I'I and is provided with a bore '.'8 therethrough for the stem 5S, the nozzle and ferrule preferably being knurled, as indicated at 19,' forconveniencezin assembly andi disassembly thereof.

The valve means 20 includes afvalve hwhich is preferably vformed ofrubbervor the like-fand which isiad'aptedfto seat agains'tl'the outer. end 83 of ythe'stem .'i9`tolseal the processing passage I5, the vvalve having a'stern 8d :which ispress'ed into anfopeningfinva valve -retainerfu The valve retainer is disposed in the bore 69 inthe nozzle andr isA seated against a shoulde1""8 formed at the junction* of `the-borefv69 andi-the discharge aperture-Ml' The retainer fclicooperates with the-outer end 83 of the stem 59 tofprovide 'therprocessingchamber I9,` andis provided with a" plurality 'of openings 83' therethrough which communicate with the :discharge'aperture Nin the nozzle 10;.'

In order to` permit flow 'of' fluid into the processingr vchamber I 9v from the passage I 5; the nozzle 'Id and ferrule" 'iare movable axially of the stem'59so that the valve 82`1nay be unse'ated, the volumeof the processing` chamber Ibein'g increased as the valve'is moved away from the outer end of theustexn 59:V The valve B2 isnor'- nially held against the Aouter end 83 of thestem5`9 to preventfiow'of 'fluid throu'ghth'e processing passage I5 bya. compression` spring 9|) 'whichv is seated 'againstthef head 68 on `the stern '59 and against the ferrule 16.

The lmanually operable'means 2i vfor actuating the valve means 29 includes a handle or trigger BI which is pivotally connected to the upper section 33 of the cap I4 at 92, and which engages the ferrulefl', the triggerfhaving arl-"opening 93 therethroughfor the 'stem 59. It 'will beapp'arent that wheneverrdischarge of whippedrcream or lother mixturefro'm the'device isdesired', it is merely necessary to squeeze theltrigger 9|, whereupon it moves the ferrule 16" and nozzle 1|) axially of the 'stem 59 to unseat vth'evalve' 82; When the trigger 9| is releasedth'e spring' 99 re-V turns the ferrule 'I6 and nozzle 'I9 to thefposi` tions illustrated so as to re-seat the valve 82.r

Considering the structure of the pump 24 in more detail, the upperend of the barrel 25fis pressed into the tubularcentral portion` t4-of the lower section 32 `of the'cap I4, the upper section 33 thereof having a cylindricalv projection s6 thereon which is pressed into the upper endfof the barrel so thatthe barrel issecurelylattached" to the cap. The cylindrical projection'diislprovided` with an annular recess 19'!` Fwhich defines-a central boss 99, the latter havingia bore 99ftherethrough for the piston rod 28. The'diameter of the bore 99 is preferably somewhatgreater'than l.

that of the rodr28 to provide lanintalre port for the pump barrel 25.

The piston rod. 28is` provided withashoulder IBI at one end thereof 'fora latch |92 which is retained by the handle 2'! andisad'aptedto latch the handle in the position showin, the handle being threadedly connected to' the Arod asnindicated at |93. The latch |92 is providedlwithears |94 which are rnovablevinto` orfronifanannular groove |55 in the upper section 33 offthe cap I4 through slots |09 therein. In order to latchthe handle 2l in the position illustrated, it Iisrnerely necessary to move it downwardly, as viewedin l, so that theears |94 on the latch |92 enter the annular groove |95 through the slots |06, and then rotate it so that the ears are out of alignment with the slots. A spring |99 is disposed in the annular recess Bland is seated against the latch |92 so that it urges theears i 64 on the llatch into eng-agement with-the upper.

wal'l-tof tliewannularr groove |95 to*l retain: the handler'ZI inrthe"latched'position The spring |99 also serves as a cushion by ,-opposingy down--V wardwmovement ofthe/:handle'l as the piston assembly-26 reachesitheiower end of its stroke as viewed inFig. 1.

The piston-assemblyaZdincludes al piston IIEI which isfprovided with a bore I I I `therethrough .for a reduced endportion ZI i2 of 1therod28; the reduced end portion.of the rod cooperating with the remainder *thereof t0 'provide' a shoulder ^I I3 which serves asa seat for theupiston.' The piston I I9 may be secured tothe rod` 23 in anyl suitable manner; -as lby-peening the end of the reduced portion- I I2 ofthe rod, for example.`

Asbest shown in Fig'. 6, the-piston Illl'is pro# vided; with an annular groove II5 therein ofi-a depth which increases longitudinally ofthe piston from`r the intakefend of the pumpbarrel 25 to the outlet endI thereof, the.- intake and Voutlet ends of the barrel being the upper and lower ends thereof, respectively, `as viewed in thedrawing. Theannular groove H5 in the piston I! 9 provides an annular Bange I I6 Vadjacent-theshallow'- est/'portion thereof,- andv provides another flange II'I adjacent vthe deepest portion thereof. An annularsealing element` or ring I Iii'is disposed in thegroove I I5 and engagesthepump barrel 25 to provide a iiuid-tightlseal between the :piston I I Bland thepump barrelwhen it isin the shallowest portion of ithe'groove and is seated against the flange I Iiionthe piston,:the.outer diameter of the ringpreferablybeing slightly greaterthan the diameter l off ,the pump rbarrel` southat lfriction between the barrel and the ring tends torestrain the ring-during` rnoven'ient'of'thepiston.'A The thicknesso the sealing ring IIS` isv preferably suchf that the ring is wedged between the base wallY of -the groovel I IbV and the-pump barrel 25 slightly when the ringis in the' shallowest por tion hof the groove so as to insure aViiuid-tight sealo However, when the sealing ring |I8 is :disposed in thedeepest vportion of the grooverIIB and is seatedagainst the flange |I'I on the pis* t0ny III] lthe inner peripheryvofl the ring is'out of engagement with.y the base wall of the groove, as best shownv in Fig. 6, so that air maylow into thevlowerrportion of thepum'p barrel 25 through theA space hetween'lthe ring and the base of the groovelasindicated bythe'arrows in Fig.y 6. As best shownin-Figpthe flange I on the piston I I-isl-fprovided with notches I I9 therein through whch-thetair may now when the sealing ring IIS is inthe deepest portion of the groove II5 as shown in Figa-.6.-

During .downward movement -oi' the piston I I!!p asfviewedfin the drawing, friction between the sealing ringl I|8and the pump barrel 255 and thehighertair pressure below the piston, cause the sealing` ring to move intothe kshallowest pore tionof thegroovewl Ivand seat against the flange I I6, thus providing an air-tight seal as previcuslydescri-bedfso that the air in the barrel below thefpiston is forced into the container I I3 through the check. valve 29. Similarly, duringI upward movement of the piston im, as viewed in thedrawingatherfrictionbetween the sealing ring ||-and the pump barrel 25, and tl'1e'high-er'air pressure above the-piston, cause the Vsealing ring to movev into the-'deepest portion of the1groove |15 so that air may flow through the space between the basewall ofthe groove and thesealing ring and then through the notches I|9into the lower portion of the pump barrel. Thus,I the sealing ring. IIIiy acts-asap intake valve ywhich is closed during the compression or working stroke of the piston Il, and which is open during the intake stroke thereof.

The check valve 29 includes a valve seat |25 which is secured to the outlet end of the pump barrel 25 and which is provided with a plurality of openings |2| therethrough. A valve |22 of a flexible material such as rubber or the like is secured to the valve seat |20 by a pin |23, and is adapted to engage the valve seat to prevent flow of fluid from the container ||l back intothe pump barrel 25. As is well known in the art, the uid in the container l@ holds the valve |22 against the valve seat I 2|) when the pressure thereof is higher than the air pressure in the pump barrel 25. However, when the air pressure in the pump barrel 25 exceeds the pressure of the fluid in the container during the working stroke of the piston |||l, the valve ||2 yields to admit the air into the container through the openings |2| in the valve seat |20.

Considering the operation-of my aerating device, it will be apparent that the cap assembly I2 may be removed readily so that the desired amount of cream, or other liquid, may be poured into the container lil. The cap assembly I2 is then replaced and is tightened to an extent such that the pressure on the sealing ring 48 is sufficient to provide a fluid-tight seal. Aii` is then pumped into the container H) by reciprocating the piston assembly 26 until the desired pressure is attained, this pressure preferably being of the order of magnitude of 20 or 30 pounds per square inch, although other pressures may be employed if desired.

It will be noted that during the pumping operation, the spring Si!) holds the valve 82 against the outer end 83 of the step 59 so that fluid will not escape from the container l0. The force exerted by the spring 90 is preferably such that it will permit the valve 82 to unseat in the event that the pumping operation is prolonged until an undesirably high pressure is reached. Thus, the spring SE) may be employed to permit the valve 82 to act as a safety device for preventing i tween thevalve and the outer end 83 of the stem 59. |The intermixed air and cream flows through the processing passage i and issues from the discharge end thereof in the form of a jet which impinges upon the valve 82 and is deflected thereby with considerable turbulence before escaping through the openings 88 and the discharge aperture 74.

It will be apparent that the stiffness of the whipped cream may be varied by varying the distance which the valve 82 is displaced from the outer end 83 of the stem 59, thereby varying the rate of flow of the fiuid mixture through the processing passage i5. For example, if the valve 82 is opened only enough to permit a relatively slow seepage of the cream through the processing passage l5, substantially no aerication thereof will result and the cream will be discharged in liquid form.

As discussed in more detail in the aforesaid Patent No. 2,342,972, the length of the processing passage l5 is preferably relatively large as cornpared to the cross-sectional dimensions thereof to provide aerated products of the desired consistency. In general, if the length of the processing passage I5 is too small relative to the crosssectional dimensions thereof, the aerated product will not be sufficiently stiff, and if the length thereof is too large, the rate of production will be curtailed.

It will be apparent that the aerating device may be cleaned readily after use, removal of the cap assembly |2 making the interior of the container Ill and the exposed portions of the pump 24 readily accessible so that they may be cleaned thoroughly. The plate 3 may be removed readily by grasping the tabs 46 and withdrawing it from the recess 35 in the cap I4, thereby making the surfaces 48 and 49 and the groove 50 accessible for cleaning. The interior of the nozzle 1D and the valve 82 can be cleaned by disconnecting the nozzle from the ferrule 76, and the bores 52 and 65, being straight, may be cleaned readily with a suitable brush or the like (not shown). Thus, by removing only a few componentsI of the aerating device, the entire device may be cleaned thoroughly to insure that it will be sanitary when next used, no particular skill being required for removing and reinstalling the components mentioned.

Although I have described a specific embodiment of my invention which is particularly adapted for aerating such liquids as cream, I do not intend to be limited to the specific disclosures contained herein since the embodiment disclosed is susceptible to other uses and various changes, modifications and substitutions may be incorporated therein without departing from the spirit of the invention. Consequently, I hereby reserve the right to all such changes, modifications and substitutions as properly come Within the scope of my invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

l. In a portable device of the character described for aerating a liquid, the combination of: a container having an open end; a plate spanning said open end of said container and having a plane surface which is provided with a spiral groove therein, said plate having an opening therethrough which communicates with one end of said spiral groove and with the interior of said container; a cap threaded on said open end of said container and having a plane surface which contacts said grooved surface of said plate, said cap having an opening therethrough which communicates with the other end of said spiral groove and with the exterior of said container, said groove in said plate and said openings through said plate and said cap cooperating to provide a processing passage; means providing a gas-tight seal at said open end of said container; manually operable means communicating with the interior 0f said container for pumping gas thereinto; valve means on said cap for regulating flow of intermixed gas and liquid through said processing passage; and manually operable means for operating said valve means.

2. In a device of the character described the combination of: a container provided with an opening; closure means for said opening adapted to be detachably connected to said container, said closure means comprising an inner closure member which is adapted to span said opening and comprising an outer closure member which is adapted to retain said inner closure member and 9 10 which is aaapted to be detachably connected to said container, said closure members being sep- REFERENCES CITED arable and being Provided with Contacting sul" The following references are of record in the faces one of which has a groove therein, said me of this patent: closure members having holes therethrough 5 which respectively communicate with opposite UNITED STATES PATENTS ends of said groove and which cooperate there- Number Name Date with to provide a processing passage; and means '733,228 Logan July 7, 1903 adapted to engage said container and said inner 1,573,690 Edwards Feb. 16, 1926 and outer closure members for providing a uid- 10 1,984,617 Williams Dec. 18, 1934 tight sea-1 therebetween. 2,074,597 Stark Mar. 23, 1937 GLEN M. LARSON. 2,342,972 ROy et a1 Feb. 29, 1944 

